Verifying the dance: from flyer to festival

A radio playlist can function as evidence for record circulation, showing when a station, selector or chart treated a song as active. Playlists are especially useful when a recording was influential in airplay before it left a clean discographic trail.

The Jamaica Gleaner is a long-running Jamaican newspaper whose archive is essential for documenting music history: event listings, advertisements, reviews, obituaries, court-adjacent public records, festival reports and debates around reggae and dancehall.

The parish circuit is a way of mapping Jamaican music through parish-to-parish stage shows, dances, sound systems and touring routes rather than treating Kingston studios as the only center of history.

A Jamaican event or festival associated with the clash era. Starter record pending editorial verification.

Jamaica Observer is a Jamaican newspaper and online source for music-industry coverage, reviews, obituaries, interviews and festival reporting, especially useful for cross-checking contemporary reggae and dancehall events.

A festival lineup can function as evidence for artist billing, genre framing, diaspora circuits and institutional recognition. Official posters and festival pages help map how reggae and dancehall travel through live performance networks.

An event flyer can function as evidence when it verifies a date, venue, lineup, selector, sound system or sponsor. The atlas treats flyers as leads to cross-check, not as final proof when a newspaper listing, official page or recording can corroborate them.

A Jamaican event or festival associated with the global era. Starter record pending editorial verification.

A Jamaican publication or broadcaster associated with the clash era. Starter record pending editorial verification.

Rototom Sunsplash is a major European reggae festival that carries the Sunsplash name into a global festival context, reflecting how Jamaican festival language and reggae culture were adopted and expanded by overseas audiences.

The Jamaican stage is usually open to the sky - a beach, a sports oval, a plantation lawn.

When Jamaican video vixens talk about the job themselves, the story is less about spectacle than about bookings, contracts and a path into other work.

Long before streaming, a ring of summer festivals across Germany, Italy, France, Spain and the Netherlands turned reggae into one of Europe's most durable live-music economies.

How overseas sounds loved Jamaican music, travelled to Jamaica, learned the culture, voiced dubplates and built local scenes that fed back into the global circuit.