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Papa Levi

Well supported

London-born deejay Philip Williams, a leading voice of the Saxon Studio International sound, credited with sharpening the fast-chat style. His "Mi God Mi King" (1984) is often cited as the first British-produced record to top the Jamaican chart.

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Debate & reception

How people argued about the music — praise, criticism and public debate. See all debate & reception →

debate

Fast style: Jamaican invention or a South London refinement?

A documented discussion about the origins of the rapid fast-chat deejay style, stated neutrally: one account roots it firmly in Jamaica's dancehalls with deejays such as Ranking Joe and Peter Metro; another emphasises that it was crystallised and popularised at London's Saxon Studio by Papa Levi and Smiley Culture before returning to the island. Neutral framing; no verdict. Sources: Lloyd Bradley, Bass Culture; Rough Guide to Reggae; United Reggae.

Stance: born in Jamaica's dancehalls vs crystallised in South London and re-exported